233 research outputs found
A history of the gifted education movement in Oklahoma from 1969-1983 /
Educational policy and implementation in Oklahoma cannot be separated from the legislature's involvement in oversight.Mandated legislation for gifted and talented children was a significant milestone in the gifted and talented movement in Oklahoma. Yet, little was recorded of the movement and history of gifted education in Oklahoma. The problem of this historical study was to investigate the events, individuals, and conditions that occurred in the gifted and talented education movement in Oklahoma from 1969 to 1983. The major questions investigated were: (1) What factors contributed to mandated legislation for the gifted and talented in Oklahoma? (2) What had been done for the gifted prior to mandated legislation? (3) What were the interest groups and what part did they play in the gifted and talented movement? (4) Was there opposition to special programs for the gifted? (5) How did the media report the gifted and talented movement in Oklahoma? (6) hat did successful passage of legislation do for the gifted and talented?Interest groups played a major role in the gifted movement in Oklahoma. Without the interest groups it is unlikely that mandated legislation would have been enacted in Oklahoma.The Oklahoma Legislature's powers to formulate and oversee educational policy is revealed consistently in the gifted movement.This study serves as valid research for educators, legislators, and friends of gifted education in understanding the early history, the lengthy legislative attempts, and the eventual mandated programs for gifted and talented children of Oklahoma. In order to appreciate where a program currently stands, and where it may be headed, the importance of where it has been cannot be underestimated
Gender disparities in horizontal mismatch penalties: an examination of 'professional' degrees in the UK (2007–2015)
We quantify the returns to higher education for degree disciplines, namely 'professional' degrees, Medicine/Dentistry, Law, Accountancy and Psychology, within the UK from 2007 to 2015. We estimate the returns to education in the form of employment and wage premia associated with each subject. Our analysis contributes to the existing literature on the topic of horizontal mismatch by estimating the wage premia in different occupational settings and identifying the penalty associated with horizontal mismatch in each field, and relative to all other graduates. We identify how wage premia vary between employment outcomes when individuals with professional degrees are employed inside, as opposed to outside, their professional sector. A distinct difference in mismatch penalties between male and female graduates was found. Male mismatch penalties are isolated to law graduates, while female mismatch penalties appear, and persist within all fields across the duration of a female graduate’s career
Billiards in a general domain with random reflections
We study stochastic billiards on general tables: a particle moves according
to its constant velocity inside some domain until it hits the boundary and bounces randomly inside according to some
reflection law. We assume that the boundary of the domain is locally Lipschitz
and almost everywhere continuously differentiable. The angle of the outgoing
velocity with the inner normal vector has a specified, absolutely continuous
density. We construct the discrete time and the continuous time processes
recording the sequence of hitting points on the boundary and the pair
location/velocity. We mainly focus on the case of bounded domains. Then, we
prove exponential ergodicity of these two Markov processes, we study their
invariant distribution and their normal (Gaussian) fluctuations. Of particular
interest is the case of the cosine reflection law: the stationary distributions
for the two processes are uniform in this case, the discrete time chain is
reversible though the continuous time process is quasi-reversible. Also in this
case, we give a natural construction of a chord "picked at random" in
, and we study the angle of intersection of the process with a
-dimensional manifold contained in .Comment: 50 pages, 10 figures; To appear in: Archive for Rational Mechanics
and Analysis; corrected Theorem 2.8 (induced chords in nonconvex subdomains
Comparative chromosome band mapping in primates byin situ suppression hybridization of band specific DNA microlibraries
A DNA-library established from microdissected bands 8q23 to 8q24.1 of normal human chromosomes 8 (Lüdecke et al., 1989) was used as a probe for chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS-) hybridization to metaphase chromosomes of man and primates including Hylobates lar and Macaca fuscata. Comparative band mapping as first applied in this study shows the specific visualization of a single subchromosomal region in all three species and thus demonstrates that synteny of the bulk sequences of a specific human chromosome subregion has been conserved for more than 20 million years
Phase Transitions on Nonamenable Graphs
We survey known results about phase transitions in various models of
statistical physics when the underlying space is a nonamenable graph. Most
attention is devoted to transitive graphs and trees
Some recent developments in quantization of fractal measures
We give an overview on the quantization problem for fractal measures,
including some related results and methods which have been developed in the
last decades. Based on the work of Graf and Luschgy, we propose a three-step
procedure to estimate the quantization errors. We survey some recent progress,
which makes use of this procedure, including the quantization for self-affine
measures, Markov-type measures on graph-directed fractals, and product measures
on multiscale Moran sets. Several open problems are mentioned.Comment: 13 page
Expression and Function of Serotonin 2A and 2B Receptors in the Mammalian Respiratory Network
Neurons of the respiratory network in the lower brainstem express a variety of serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) that act primarily through adenylyl cyclase. However, there is one receptor family including 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptors that are directed towards protein kinase C (PKC). In contrast to 5-HT2ARs, expression and function of 5-HT2BRs within the respiratory network are still unclear. 5-HT2BR utilizes a Gq-mediated signaling cascade involving calcium and leading to activation of phospholipase C and IP3/DAG pathways. Based on previous studies, this signal pathway appears to mediate excitatory actions on respiration. In the present study, we analyzed receptor expression in pontine and medullary regions of the respiratory network both at the transcriptional and translational level using quantitative RT-PCR and self-made as well as commercially available antibodies, respectively. In addition we measured effects of selective agonists and antagonists for 5-HT2ARs and 5-HT2BRs given intra-arterially on phrenic nerve discharges in juvenile rats using the perfused brainstem preparation. The drugs caused significant changes in discharge activity. Co-administration of both agonists revealed a dominance of the 5-HT2BR. Given the nature of the signaling pathways, we investigated whether intracellular calcium may explain effects observed in the respiratory network. Taken together, the results of this study suggest a significant role of both receptors in respiratory network modulation
We are all one together : peer educators\u27 views about falls prevention education for community-dwelling older adults - a qualitative study
Background: Falls are common in older people. Despite strong evidence for effective falls prevention strategies, there appears to be limited translation of these strategies from research to clinical practice. Use of peers in delivering falls prevention education messages has been proposed to improve uptake of falls prevention strategies and facilitate translation to practice. Volunteer peer educators often deliver educational presentations on falls prevention to community-dwelling older adults. However, research evaluating the effectiveness of peer-led education approaches in falls prevention has been limited and no known study has evaluated such a program from the perspective of peer educators involved in delivering the message. The purpose of this study was to explore peer educators’ perspective about their role in delivering peer-led falls prevention education for community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: A two-stage qualitative inductive constant comparative design was used.In stage one (core component) focus group interviews involving a total of eleven participants were conducted. During stage two (supplementary component) semi-structured interviews with two participants were conducted. Data were analysed thematically by two researchers independently. Key themes were identified and findings were displayed in a conceptual framework.
Results: Peer educators were motivated to deliver educational presentations and importantly, to reach an optimal peer connection with their audience. Key themes identified included both personal and organisational factors that impact on educators’ capacity to facilitate their peers’ engagement with the message. Personal factors that facilitated message delivery and engagement included peer-to-peer connection and perceived credibility, while barriers included a reluctance to accept the message that they were at risk of falling by some members in the audience. Organisational factors, including ongoing training for peer educators and formative feedback following presentations, were perceived as essential because they affect successful message delivery.
Conclusions: Peer educators have the potential to effectively deliver falls prevention education to older adults and influence acceptance of the message as they possess the peer-to-peer connection that facilitates optimal engagement. There is a need to consider incorporating learnings from this research into a formal large scale evaluation of the effectiveness of the peer education approach in reducing falls in older adults
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